Innovation Champion

The word innovation can conjure up images of disruptive developments such as online streaming services or companies such as Uber, but you can still be an innovation champion. Fortunately, innovation doesn’t have to happen on a grand scale to make an impact in your business.

Driving innovation in any business begins with creating and encouraging an innovative and forward-thinking culture to allow your employees to bring new and interesting ideas to the table, and put them into effect. Your employees need to feel free to contribute, to feel their contribution is acknowledged, appreciated and taken into consideration.

You need to break down barriers between management and employees and ensure that there is regular two-way communication. Creating a team of innovation champions can help. Instead of putting innovation on the backburner until an opportunity presents itself (which it might not), task the right people in your business with driving innovation in a proactive manner. If your innovation champions have a particularly heavy workload, perhaps re-allocate some of their roles to allow them time to devote to driving innovation.

When things go well, it is good to celebrate success. However, your innovation champions shouldn’t be afraid to make mistakes. Managers need to help employees to feel comfortable and ready to share.

Good ideas should be recognised but equally, ones that don’t get off the ground should be applauded as something to learn from for the future.

Driving innovation involves focusing on what you do and what products or services you sell to your customers. Customer feedback can be used to drive innovation. Your customers are generally happy to tell you what it is they want from your firm. Perhaps they want flexibility or they really value quick turnaround times. Spend time gathering feedback from your customers and share this with your innovation champions.

From your perspective you don’t ever want to give your customers a reason to go elsewhere. Make this the central focus of your innovation strategy and task your innovation champions with finding new and better ways to keep your customers coming back again and again. Perhaps the solution to the problem lies in doing simple things a little bit better or perhaps you can utilise technology to make your product / service delivery more efficient. Focus on your customers, listen to their feedback and let that feedback drive your innovation strategy and the activity of your innovation champions.

Need more information?

Our team of chartered accountants have a wealth of experience in a broad range of sectors and love nothing more than helping you and your business. Our team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. We offer a wide range of services which are unique to your businesses who are just getting going!

If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some start-up advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

Don’t be late in paying your personal tax bill

Make sure you are not late paying your personal tax bill. Individual’s 2018/19 income tax, CGT, class 2 and 4 NIC liabilities should have been paid by 31 January 2020.

Note that if the balance is still unpaid at the end of February 2020 a 5% surcharge penalty is added in addition to the normal interest charge unless a time to pay arrangement has been agreed with HMRC.

Self Assessment is a system HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) uses to collect Income Tax.

Tax is usually deducted automatically from wages, pensions and savings. People and businesses with other income must report it in a tax return

Need more information?

You can get help if you don’t understand something about your tax, for example tax returns, allowances and tax codes.

You can also get help and support with Self Assessment.

Our team offer a wide range of services which are unique to your business and help many people with personal tax. Our team of chartered accountants have a wealth of experience in a broad range of sectors, from construction and property to the charity sector. Our team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some start-up advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

Reduce debtor days to improve cash flow

Cash flow is king in any business. Yet cash flow is one of the areas that many businesses struggle to manage.

Customers are reluctant to part with their money, even if it’s to pay for your goods or services. As such, it can take a while for them to pay their invoices.

While longer debtor days might not be a big issue for huge international corporations, for the rest of us, it can be a very real source of stress. You need your customers to pay you as quickly as possible so you can continue to run your business, so it’s easy to find yourself working extra hours, chasing up late-paying clients. Here are a few tips to help you to reduce your debtor’s days.

Be clear and concise

When creating an invoice, think about your messaging. Is the due date easy to see on the page, does your invoice state exactly how much payment is required and have you clearly outlined the various payment options that you accept (such as bank transfers, cash, cheque, etc.)? Options such as “pay now”, “pay by instalments” or “pay on the due date” should be clearly set out.

Offer incentives

Sometimes offering a small discount can motivate your clients to pay on time. Offering say, 5% off the total bill for clients who pay within 2 weeks of the invoice date can help a business to get cash in quicker. Setting this type of incentive out at the beginning of a client relationship can go down well as clients can see the early payment discount as a “value add”.

Charge fees for late payment

Incentivise customers to pay you on time by charging a fee for late payments. If you communicate the terms and conditions around late fees clearly, clients will not be surprised if they are charged for late payment.

If you are going to charge clients for late payment, it is usually effective to give some sort of warning. It may be helpful to send clients an email saying that “payment is due in 10 days time and if it isn’t received, a late payment fee will be applied.” This gives the client an opportunity to respond.

Embrace technology

There are a vast array of systems available to help businesses to track invoices, monitor payments and manage clients who have missed payment deadlines. With an automated accounts receivable system, you can keep track of the status of each invoice, who has paid and what is outstanding.  You can set up automatic reminders at crucial moments in the payment cycle and significantly reduce your administration time.

By implementing the above strategies, you can reduce debtor days in your business and ensure that you are getting cash in as quickly as possible.

Need more information?

We offer a wide range of services which can help with your cash flow. Our team of chartered accountants have a wealth of experience in a broad range of sectors, from construction and property to the charity sector. Our team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some start-up advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

Executing your strategy

Having a good strategy is one thing, executing it well can be a huge challenge.

Many business owners and managers are familiar with the scenario – you arrange a strategy day with your team, capture the outputs and create a strategic plan. Everyone goes back to the office, the strategy paper gets filed and that is the last you see of it until next year’s strategy day. The hardest part of any business strategy is implementationOnce you have created your strategy, you need to start engaging with your organisation. The communication process is key and needs to be two-way. You need to create a mechanism for people in your firm to feed back their view.

Once you have your feedback and have finalised your strategic plan, the next step is to start creating tangible objectives.

Each objective should have a dedicated owner (who is responsible and accountable), a deadline and regular updates on progress towards each goal should be provided at, for example, a monthly meeting.

Tracking and reporting are key components of executing any strategy. Monthly updates should be provided by the people responsible for each objective and should include a quantitative measure of progress and a short commentary to add background information about progress to date, expected timeline for delivery, resources required for the next stage, and so on.

Performance management is also key to successfully implementing your strategy. Your team need to be accountable and you need to create a connection between the strategic objectives of the business and your team member’s day jobs. Each person on your team should have a set of objectives which cascade from the overall company objectives that are set out in your strategy document. Aligning the objectives of each individual with the overall goals of your business ensures that your whole team is working towards the same common goal. You should measure and reward people for their contribution to achieving the firm’s strategy. This encourages the right behaviours among your team.

Executing your strategy isn’t a process. It is about developing a culture in your firm where everyone is working towards a common set of goals. At the end of each year, you should evaluate your strategy, keep the bits that are working well and update those parts that haven’t been so successful.

Need more information?

Our team of chartered accountants have a wealth of experience in a broad range of sectors, from construction and property to the charity sector, and above all are here for you and your business. Our team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some start-up advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

desk

Do you need a desk for everyone in your office?

desk

Office space is expensive. Do you really need to have a dedicated desk for each and every employee?

Recent years have brought a lot of changes to the office environment, particularly as technology develops and the next generation of employees has come through to management. This new generation of managers brings new thinking about the modern office environment and what it should be.

For example, if a workforce of 100 has, on average, only 80 people in the office on a given day, those 20 empty desks take up space and are not being efficiently utilised. A hefty portion of business overhead is dedicated to office building space and maintenance. By trimming furniture and hardware costs, some of that wasted space can be better used as a meeting or project development space, saving money and benefiting the bottom line.

If your employees hot-desk, they tend to socialise more. Employees who sit beside someone different every day interact more, converse with a greater number of departments, and can find inspiration where it wasn’t possible to before. More interaction with a wider variety of people can lead to greater company cohesion and increased collaboration.

Employees will tend to optimise the space around them for productivity and might select a space that meets their needs for any given day. If they have conference calls on their schedule, they may gravitate towards a small meeting room or less-crowded alcove. If they are collaborating with colleagues on a specific project, they may choose to work in a room with presentation software and large screens, rather than huddling around a single desk.

When your office design allows for employee flexibility, your workers who thrive on mobility and independence are happier and more productive. They will find a way to optimise their office set-up for each and every day.

So, perhaps modern businesses are better off having flexible, open and collaborative offices rather than relying on the more old fashioned approach of assigning each employee a fixed desk. As an added bonus, the business may be able to reduce office overhead costs as office space can be used more efficiently.

Need more information?

We are proud of our offices here at A&C Chartered Accountants. Each team member has a standing desk which also gives staff the option to sit too. If you would like to come into the offices to check it out please feel free to pop in at any time. We offer a wide range of services which are unique to your business. Our team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some start-up advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

New Year’s resolutions to save tax

At this time of year we think about New Year’s resolutions. It is also a good time to start planning your tax affairs before the end of the tax year on 5th April. An obvious tax planning point would be to maximise your ISA allowances for the 2019/20 tax year (currently £20,000 each).

You might also want to consider increasing your pension savings before 5 April 2020 as the unused annual pension allowance is lost after three years.

For those looking to do some inheritance tax planning it would be a good time to review (or make) your Will.

Need more information?

If you want to have a chat to your accountant about your business New Year’s resolutions, feel free to book an appointment at any time. We offer a wide range of services for you and your business. Our team of chartered accountants have a wealth of experience in a broad range of sectors, from construction and property to the charity sector. Our team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed.  For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

Tax Relief For Staff Parties & Annual Functions

Planning a staff party is a great way to reward employees, boost morale, and encourage team bonding. But did you know that certain staff events, including Christmas parties and summer gatherings, can qualify for tax relief?

In this guide, we’ll break down the rules for tax-free staff events, so your business can make the most of these exemptions while staying compliant with HMRC.

Tax relief for staff parties – the rules

HMRC provides an exemption for annual staff functions, allowing businesses to claim tax relief and avoid benefit-in-kind charges, provided specific conditions are met:

  • The event must be annual (such as a Christmas party or a summer barbecue)
  • It must be open to all employees (or all employees at a particular location)
  • The event is not just to be for directors unless all your staff are directors
  • The cost must not exceed £150 per head, including VAT, for the tax year
  • The £150 allowance covers all associated costs, including food, drinks, venue hire, transport, and accommodation
  • If multiple events are held, the exemption applies only if the combined cost remains within the £150 limit

If these conditions are not met, the full cost of the event may be considered a taxable benefit for employees, which means additional tax liabilities.

Christmas parties and other year-round events

Christmas parties are a popular way for businesses to celebrate the end of the year, and they typically qualify for tax relief under the above rules. However, businesses can also take advantage of the exemption for other events, such as:

  • Summer barbecues
  • Team-building retreats
  • Annual award ceremonies

The key is that the total cost must not exceed the annual event allowance of £150 per head. Provided the threshold is not exceeded, there can be any number of parties. For instance, 3 parties at a cost of £50 each, at various times of the year.

That means, if you’ve already held a Christmas party then you can still host another event and both can be exempt from tax, provided the combined cost per head for the year does not exceed £150. If the combined cost exceeds this limit, the employer can choose which event to apply the exemption to for optimal tax benefits.

Example Scenario

  1. Your business hosts a Christmas Party. The cost per head is £100.
  2. Your business then hosts a summer barbecue. The cost per head is £70.

In this case, you can nominate the Christmas party for the exemption, making the £70 Summer Barbecue taxable. However, as the employer, you can manage the tax and National Insurance on behalf of the employees through a PAYE settlement agreement, avoiding direct tax implications for the employees.

How to calculate the cost per head

To calculate the cost of the benefit:

  1. Add together the cost of the party or function (room hire, food, entertainment, prizes, etc), the costs of transporting staff and their guests, and the cost of any accommodation provided.
  2. Divide the total by the number of persons (staff and any other guests) attending the function.
  3. The final sum is your cost per head. To qualify, the cost must come to less than or equal to £150 per head.

If you have a large function it may be impossible to count up exact numbers of those who physically attend (particularly if people come and go at different times). If it is impossible to work out actual attendees then you will have to estimate numbers according to what was budgeted or booked. Bookings are normally made on a ‘per head basis’.

What if the allowance is exceeded?

If the cost of an event exceeds £150 per head, the entire amount becomes a taxable benefit and must be reported on a P11D form. So, for example, if the cost per head works out at £152, then £152 is taxable as a Benefit In Kind and goes on your employees’ P11d, not £2.

Tax treatment for employer

The cost of the staff Christmas party (or any staff annual function) is tax-deductible in the employer’s accounts. Show this expense separately in the accounts as it is a staff benefit and therefore a cost of ‘staff welfare’ (or similar).

There is no monetary limit on the amount that an employer can spend on an annual function. A party costing more than £150 per head will be an allowable deduction in the employer’s accounts, as the employees would pay tax on a benefit at this level so it is just another form of earnings.

The full cost will be disallowed for tax if it is found that the entertainment of staff is, in fact, incidental to that of entertaining customers.

Parties covered by the £150 exemption do not have to be reported on form P11Ds. If you do exceed the limit and have created a taxable Benefit In Kind, you might consider settling it using a PAYE settlement agreement (you then pay your employees’ tax and NICs)

Can you reclaim VAT costs from staff parties?

If you’re wondering whether you can claim back the cost of input VAT from your staff parties, then you’ll be pleased to hear that you can. However, there are conditions to be aware of:

  • Input VAT is fully reclaimable on the cost of the function as it is “staff welfare” and not regarded by HMRC as entertaining, unless you are an owner-manager and having a one-man party, or if the function is mainly for directors (and so excluding other
    staff). In these circumstances, HMRC will block claims for input tax.
  • If you are also entertaining UK clients and staff, you have to disallow a proportion of input VAT (based on the number of clients vs staff).
  • If the event is to entertain UK customers and your staff are there to look after the customers, the whole event is regarded as “entertaining”. As such, you are blocked from any reclaim of input tax.
  • If the event also serves to entertain overseas customers then it may be possible to reclaim input VAT.

If you need advice, speak to one of our VAT specialists.

What about virtual parties?

HMRC has updated their guidance to include virtual annual functions within this exemption, which includes a virtual Christmas party. Virtual parties cannot have all employees in a single location so would ordinarily fail to qualify. HMRC’s revised guidance allows these events to qualify, provided that all of the other criteria are met.

A virtual party is defined as:

  • An annual function provided virtually using IT.

An example of this:

  • A company holds its annual function virtually using IT.
  • All employees are invited.
  • A hamper of food and drink is provided for each employee to enjoy during the party.
  • The total cost is £100 per head.

The cost is less than the £150 per head maximum and so the function is tax-exempt.

Need more information?

If you need any more support on how to record your staff parties and annual functions properly, please do not hesitate to contact our dedicated team of chartered accountants.

We have a wealth of experience in a broad range of sectors, from construction to the charity sector. Our team work hard to ensure they deliver smart and effective tax advice, helping businesses to grow and succeed. Please do not hesitate to contact us today for a free consultation or call 0161 962 1855.

Time for an electric company car?

Are you thinking of getting a company car? The government has announced that there will be a zero P11d benefit for the drivers of electric cars from 2020/21. This is instead of the 2% scale charge that was originally included in Finance Act 2017 to apply for 2020/21. The legislation for the change will be included in Finance Bill 2020 and it is proposed that the benefit will be 1% of list price in 2021/2 and then 2% in 2022/3.

The zero taxable benefit will also apply to hybrid cars emitting no more than 50 grams of CO2 per kilometre with a range using its electric motor of at least 130 miles, but only for cars first registered on or after 6 April 2020. For those registered before 6 April 2020 the scale charge will be 2%.

Rather confusingly there will be two different sets of scale charges from 2020/21, one set relating to those registered before 6 April 2020 and a new lower set of rates for those registered on or after 6 April 2020.

However businesses are advised to wait until 6 April 2020 as the P11d scale charge for electric cars is currently 16% of original list price for 2019/20.

ADVISORY FUEL RATE FOR COMPANY CARS

These are the suggested reimbursement rates for employees’ private mileage using their company car from 1 September 2019. Where there has been a change the previous rate is shown in brackets.

Engine Size Petrol Diesel LPG
1400cc or less 12p 8p
1600cc or less 10p
1401cc to 2000cc 14p (15p) 10p

(9p)

1601 to 2000cc 11p (12p)
Over 2000cc 21p

(22p)

14p 14p

You can continue to use the previous rates for up to 1 month from the date the new rates apply.  For hybrid cars use the equivalent petrol or diesel rate. However, for wholly electric cars there is a new 4p advisory rate from 1 September 2019.

Need more information?

We love nothing more than learning about new start-ups and helping you get off on the right foot! We offer a wide range of services which are unique to businesses who are just getting going! As start-up accountants we have a wealth of experience in all sectors between our team. From restaurants, fashion brands, fitness centres and many creatives start their business correctly and ensure they are staying tax compliant. The team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some start-up advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

How to raise your prices without losing customers

How can you raise prices without losing customers? The cost of running a business goes up every year, but when was the last time you increased your prices?

Many business owners and managers worry that if they were to increase prices, they would lose customers.

However, a customer will often be willing to pay a higher price if they feel they are getting value for their money.

A good way to increase your prices can be to bundle products or services together and offer the combined bundle at a price that offers value to the customer. For example, a phone contract might have a higher price but it may include a bundle such as unlimited calls and 20GB of data per month. The key is providing value to the customer.

Find a way to differentiate your offering. Perhaps you could offer new online services to your customers such as an online portal or an app. Maybe you could create faster, more efficient processes so that your customers get a faster, more efficient product or service from your firm, compared to the competition. If you offer something that is seen to be the best in its class, that offers a benefit to your customers, you may be able to increase your prices.

You can test a higher pricing strategy on new customers. Your existing customers might be resistant to a price increase but new clients will be unfamiliar with your pricing so they may accept the higher price if they feel that you offer more value to them than your competitors.

If you do increase prices for your existing customers, you need to communicate well and explain clearly why you had to make the decision to increase your prices. Do your market research to make sure that your pricing isn’t completely out of line with competitors. If your business is not significantly different to the nearest competition, you may run the risk of losing clients.

Large sudden jumps in your prices will not go down well. Instead, introduce gradual increases such as 5% or 10% per year, depending on the type of business that you run. Everyone knows that the cost of doing business goes up each year. If you communicate with your customers, they may be more receptive to small increases.

Need more information?

We love nothing more than learning about new start-ups and helping you get off on the right foot! We offer a wide range of services which are unique to businesses who are just getting going! As start-up accountants we have a wealth of experience in all sectors between our team. From restaurants, fashion brands, fitness centres and many creatives start their business correctly and ensure they are staying tax compliant. The team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some start-up advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

University Tax Planning Guide For Parents

It is that time of year again when parents are sending their children off to university. There’s a lot to consider and parents may of course wish to support their children financially, where possible.

Parents who run their own companies may consider making grown up children shareholders in order to take advantage of the £2,000 dividend allowance and their children’s lower rate tax bands. The dividend allowance reduced to £2,000 from £5,000 from April 2018.

Many university students like to preserve a bedroom at home. From 6 April 2016 rent-a-room relief is £7,500 per annum.

For example:

Peter is 18 and starting university in September. He will have to pay tuition fees of £9,000 per year, his rent at halls of residence is £8,000 per year and he is budgeting for food and other bills of £100 per week.

If his parents decide to fully support his rent and other bills (leaving him with a student loan to cover his tuition fees), their son could cost them £13,200 per year.

Peter’s parents own their own company.

  • They re-arrange their share capital.
  • They gift Peter shares in the company, up to the value of their CGT annual exemption, they could alternatively claim hold-over relief.
  • The parents also make an agreement to charge Peter rent for her room at home of £7,500 per year.
  • The board of director’s declares annual dividends to Peter of £20,700 in order to cover his university costs and home rent.

The arrangement means that Peter will pay tax at 7.5% on her dividends in excess of his £2,000 dividend allowance (or £5,000 allowance prior to April 2018) and any available personal allowance.

This arrangement potentially saves a higher tax-rate-paying shareholding parent £8,170 in tax per annum (based on 2019/20 figures). Their rental income from their son is effectively tax-free drawings from their company. The alternative is not to rent a room to Peter and to sub-let his room in term time.

Children under 18

This arrangement will not work with minor children as the settlement anti-avoidance provisions apply where parents gift shares to minor children.

Need more information?

We offer a wide range of services which are unique to any business. We have a wealth of experience in all sectors between our team, from restaurants, fashion brands, fitness centres and many creatives start their business correctly and ensure they are staying tax compliant. The team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some advice from a trusted accountant don’t hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively, you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

Tax relief on creating an office at home

Many company owners work from home, this note looks at how you may obtain tax relief on the cost of converting the spare room or building a deluxe summerhouse to serve as an office in the garden.

• A director can reclaim any expenses incurred when working from home from their company.
• Alternatively, you can charge the company rent if you are required to work from home, or where the business is based at home provided that there is a licence agreement in place.

Claiming back the costs of converting part of a home into an office throws up several different tax concerns for a director.

If the director incurs the cost themselves, they need to consider:

Capital Gains Tax (CGT) treatment of capital costs
VAT
• Stamp Duty Land Tax
• Capital allowances on fixtures and plant and machinery
• Treatment of repairs and renewals

If his company incurs the cost (or reimburses his costs) they need to consider:

• PAYE and NICs including the benefits code
• VAT
• Capital allowances
• Treatment of repairs and renewals

Overview and FAQ

Modification and conversion work

These types of costs will generally be treated as capital expenditure, whoever incurs them.

Building an office or workshop

These costs will be treated as capital expenditure, whoever incurs them.

Repairs and renewals

Modification or conversion may include some expenditure which can be treated as repairs and renewals such as redecorating, replacement of old floors or windows, or floor coverings.

Tax consequences if the director incurs the costs

Capital costs and Capital Gains Tax (CGT)

• A private residence is exempt from CGT if it qualifies as a main Private Residence (Private Residence Relief – PRR applies); however the exemption is restricted where part of a home is used for business.• When part of a home is converted that part of the house should still qualify for PRR for the 18 months after conversion.
• The same will apply if part of the garden or grounds is moved into business use.
• If the grounds exceed .5 hectare it is likely that PRR may be restricted in any case.
• If PRR relief is restricted any gain on the disposal of a business asset (as apportioned) should qualify for CGT Entrepreneurs’ Relief if this is in connection with a sale of the business or retirement, however this will not be available if the property has been let to the director’s company.
• In general, a director will be at a CGT disadvantage in claiming the capital costs of creating a home office unless property prices are falling in that case a capital loss could be created when the property is sold.

VAT

• In most cases directors are not VAT registered in their individual capacity.
• If the director has constructed an outbuilding to rent out to their company, he could consider registering for VAT and opting to tax the building.
• Opting to tax would allow him as an individual to reclaim VAT.

Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT)

• SDLT is paid by the buyer.
• SDLT will be charged at residential rates when the director sells his private residence providing that the home is suitable for use as a dwelling.
• “Suitable for use”, is something that must be judged at the time of the transaction, so past use or intended use are not considered.
• Where a house is used as a B & B or guest house HMRC recommends that each case should be taken on its merits: if all the bedrooms have separate facilities and are available for letting all the year round it will be treated as non-residential.
• If part of the property is not suitable for residential use the mixed-use SDLT provisions will apply. These broadly apportion the consideration on a just and reasonable basis.
HMRC considers that “outhouses” will be treated as residential property unless they have a specific non-residential purpose.

Capital allowances

• A director will be able to claim capital allowances on the cost of any fixtures or plant and machinery which he purchases to convert or create a home office; however, there is a restriction when a residential property is used for letting, and the director is also unlikely to be able to reclaim the VAT. There are also PAYE and NICs concerns in respect of fixtures (see below). To this end it might be sensible for the company to incur the cost of purchasing any moveable plant and machinery instead.
• The position with fixtures is not straightforward because it is thought unlikely that HMRC will allow the company to claim back VAT on the cost of something that is fixed to the director’s personal property. It may also be difficult to prove that there is no private use of a fixture which means that this could trigger a PAYE and NICs charge for use of the asset as well.
• When the property is sold and capital allowances have been claimed on fixtures an election covering fixtures may be a consideration.

Repairs and renewals

• A director will be able to claim the cost of repairs and renewals as a deduction against any rental income received if he has a licence in place with his company and the expenditure is incurred:
o Wholly and necessarily for the purposes of letting, or a proportion of the cost is attributable to business use.
• Any reasonable basis can be used to apportion business use, commonly this is done on the basis of:
o The number of rooms in the house
o Floor space, or area
o Time in use

Alternatively, the director can recharge the cost of repairs and renewals to the company as part of a home working expense claim. However, you should not reclaim any expense that has been incurred for mixed business and private use without weighing up the PAYE consequences.
If the company incurs the cost (or reimburses the director’s costs)
• PAYE and NICS and benefits
• VAT
• Capital allowances on fixtures and plant and machinery
• Treatment of repairs and renewals

PAYE and NIC aspects

It is strongly advised to ensure that there is paperwork to explain who is doing what and who is paying for what during a building process.

Company pays director’s personal bills

• If the company pays any bills which are the director’s personal liability the cost is immediately subject Class 1 NICs as earnings. However, for income tax purposes this is a benefit in kind to be included on box B of form P11D, unless the director “makes good” the cost (see below).
• This type of expense can simply be payrolled.
• Or if the director has a credit balance on his loan account, the cost can be offset against the loan. It is advised to agree this before the expense is incurred.
• When income tax applies, this is a one-off tax charge; tax is charged in the year in which the company incurs the cost. For example, where the company pays for the director’s light and heat at home.

Company asset made available to an employee

• If the company constructs, manufactures or purchases an asset which is then made available to a director for private use there will be an ongoing annual taxable benefit in kind for each year in which the asset is made available.
• The benefit will be calculated under s205 ITEPA 2003, at 20% of the higher of:
o The cost, unless the asset is land/buildings, in which case the annual rental value is used, and
o Actual annual costs incurred by the employer.
For example, if the company rents a satellite dish which it attaches to the director’s home and he and his family benefit from it. The benefit will be the higher of 20% of cost or the annual rental cost paid by the employer.

Company construction of assets on a director’s land

If the company creates an asset which is fixed to the director’s private land, such as building for personal use the taxable value of the benefit will be its cost less any amounts by the director.
• This is a one-off tax charge per s204 ITEPA 2003, made in the year in which the benefit is provided.
• If the building is then also used privately there is no additional charge but there will be an ongoing benefit in respect of expenses if the company is providing services such as light and heat in addition to the use of the building.
Note that where the employer is a builder, the costs of construction will be the higher of salaries of the workers used or the costs of contractors engaged to fulfil the workers’ normal duties while they worked on this project.

Transfer of asset to director

Where assets are depreciating assets, this would include temporary structures, such as caravans or static caravans, perhaps wooden cabins which have a short life: s206 provides that an asset which has been used or depreciated and then transferred to an employee will be taxed at the higher amount of:
• the market value of the asset at the date of transfer or
• the market value of the asset when first made available for the private use of a director less the aggregate of the amount of the cost of the benefit during the period when it was provided as a benefit (calculated according to s205) less
• any sum paid by the individual receiving the asset to the person transferring it.

VAT and capital costs

HMRC will disallow any claim to input tax if the expenditure is incurred for the private benefit of a director.
• A company can reclaim the VAT on the purchase of business assets, so it can still reclaim the cost of VAT on any plant and machinery used by the director in the home office.
• It may be possible for the company to reclaim part of the input tax on any conversion costs incurred when converting an outbuilding or completing internal modifications to create an office or workshop, provided that there is a licence in place and any private benefit received by the director is minor.

Capital allowances

• A company will be able to claim capital allowances on the cost of plant and machinery purchased to convert or create a home office.
• It may be possible to claim capital allowances on the cost of fixtures however, fixtures are immoveable, and so the ownership of the fixtures passes to the director. It will then be difficult to try and argue that the cost was incurred for the purposes of the company’s trade. The director may, as an employee claim capital allowances on plant which he provides for the company.

Repairs

• A company can claim the cost of repairs and renewals and associated VAT in respect of any building that it occupies.
• A claim may be disallowed if the expense also benefits the director as it will not be wholly and necessarily incurred for the purposes of the business.

Need more information?

We love nothing more than learning about new start-ups and helping you get off on the right foot! We offer a wide range of services which are unique to businesses who are just getting going! As start-up accountants we have a wealth of experience in all sectors between our team. From restaurants, fashion brands, fitness centres and many creatives start their business correctly and ensure they are staying tax compliant. The team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for start-ups to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want some start-up advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.

wedding venue

Tax Implications of Divorce

wedding venue

Whilst divorce can be very unpleasant, it is important to seek specialist advice to ensure you understand your tax position, have no hidden surprises and do not miss the opportunity to save tax. It can also be difficult with HMRC. We have outlined some implications to consider when going through with a divorce.

Capital Gains Tax (“CGT”) & Divorce

Transfers of assets between spouses are normally made on a ‘no gain-no loss’ basis for CGT purposes, which means no CGT is due. However, if spouses have permanently separated, the no gain-no loss treatment for CGT only applies until the end of the tax year of separation. After the tax year of separation, transfers between spouses, either as gifts from one to the other, or by court order, may result in a CGT liability for the transferring spouse as (subject to any reliefs or exemptions) the transfers are deemed to take place at market value.

The legalities and personal issues of finalising a divorce can result in this process taking a significant amount of time.

Transfer of the family home after a divorce

Sometimes following separation, one spouse will leave the matrimonial home and agree to transfer their share to the other spouse who remains. Principal private residence (“PPR”) relief provides an important exemption from CGT here.

Where the asset being sold or transferred is or was an individual’s primary residence, PPR relieves from CGT a proportionate period that the property was occupied as such. In addition to this, the final 18 months of ownership are always covered by the exemption even if the individual has moved out, although this will fall to 9 months from 6 April 2020.

If spouses have only one primary residence between them, it is common for the leaving spouse to elect another property as their primary residence for PPR purposes once they leave. However, problems can occur due to the availability of PPR on any subsequent transfer of the marital home.

If a spouse transfers their share in the property to their ex-partner within the tax year of separation, it will be on a ‘no gain, no loss basis’ as described above. This means that the spouse making the transfer will avoid CGT at that time and will be free to claim for PPR on another property.

If the transfer takes place after the tax year of separation, the spouse who has moved out may still claim full PPR relief if the transfer takes place within 18 months (or 9 months if after April 2020) of moving out even if they have bought a new house. If it is any longer than this, there could be a liability to CGT for the transferor.

Rental property & divorce

If a rental property has at some stage been the primary residence of the owner(s), then an element of CGT relief will be available proportionate to the amount of time the property was used as such. If this is not the case, then the entire gain would be subject to CGT.

Business assets & divorce

In the tax year following the separation, business assets would be subject to CGT if transferred between spouses. Such assets may be eligible for a CGT relief known as ‘holdover relief’. This will only take place assuming the receiving spouse agrees with the transferring spouse that they will receive the assets at the original cost to the transferor.

Inheritance Tax (“IHT”) & Divorce

Transfers between spouses who are both UK domiciled, and both non-UK domiciled, are exempt from IHT until the date of the finalised divorce. If a transfer is made after this date it may come within an exception for transfers made under a court order. It is important to remember that if the transfer is not covered by the exception, it may be considered a ‘potentially exempt transfer’.

Pensions & Divorce

Due to the automatic enrolment of many employees into workplace pensions, accrued pension benefits may be a major asset considered within the divorce negotiations. If either or both of the parties to the marriage or partnership have accrued pension rights, then these are viewed by the court as part of the former spouse’s assets for disposition on divorce.

Need more information?

A&C Chartered Accountants work with leading advisers in this field when this does occur for our clients. The dedicated tax accountants ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for you and your business.

If you need further guidance please do not hesitate to contact Paul, our experienced chartered Accountant who has helped clients with divorce implications.

You can contact Paul on 0161 962 1855 or email him at paul@ac-accounts.co.uk for more information on how we can help.

vw kombi van

When is a van not a van?

vw kombi van

HMRC are being urged to provide clarity and consistency on the tax treatment of commercial vehicles such as VW Kombi Vans marketed as goods vehicles. The need for clarity follows the ruling in an important tax tribunal case involving “vans” provided to employees of Coca Cola.

The court has upheld the HMRC view that certain vehicles are not goods vehicles but motor cars for benefit in kind purposes. Consequently, the income tax and national insurance payable by employee and employer is significantly higher than if the vehicles had been classified as goods vehicles.

Certain vans are exempt from income tax

There is no benefit in kind where the van is only used for business journeys or the private use of the vehicle is insignificant. Examples would include making a slight detour to pick up a newspaper on the way to work or taking an old mattress or other rubbish to the tip once or twice a year.

Income tax definition of “goods vehicle”

The income tax legislation defines a “goods vehicle” as “a vehicle of a construction primarily suited for the conveyance of goods or burden of any description…”

Although the VW Kombi vans failed this test the Tribunal held that Vauxhall Vivaro vans provided by Coca Cola did fall within the definition of goods vehicles!

It is understood that this case is due to be heard at the Court of Appeal which will provide legal precedent over the tax treatment. Until then it gives employers a dilemma as to how to report such vehicles on employees’ form P11d and also whether the position in earlier years should be rectified. The tribunal had to seek evidence from automotive industry experts so how are employers expected to interpret the rules!

What is also particularly confusing, and thus difficult for businesses to deal with, is that the benefit in kind rules are not the same as the rules for capital allowances and VAT.

Capital allowances definition of “motor car”

The definition of a “motor car” for plant and machinery allowances purposes is a mechanically propelled vehicle except a vehicle:

  1. constructed in such a way that it is primarily suited for transporting goods of any sort, or
  2. of a type which is not commonly used as a private vehicle and is not suitable for use as a private vehicle.

VAT definition of “motor car”

For VAT purposes the definition of a motor car has been amended several times over the years. The current definition states: “Motor car” means any motor vehicle of a kind normally used on public roads which has three or more wheels and either:

  1. a) is constructed or adapted solely or mainly for the carriage of passengers; or
  2. b) has to the rear of the driver’s seat roofed accommodation which is fitted with side windows or which is constructed or adapted for the fitting of side windows;

There are several exceptions to this rule notably vehicles constructed to carry a payload of one tonne or more. A common example would be a “double cab” pick-up such as a Mitsubishi L200 or Toyota Hilux.

Need more information?

A&C Chartered Accountants offer a wide range of services which are unique to your business needs. As chartered accountants we have a wealth of experience in all sectors and business vehicles. The team work hard to ensure they create smart and effective tax-efficient solutions for your business to optimise growth and help them succeed. If you want to learn more about how the team can help or simply want advice from a trusted accountant do hesitate to contact us. For more information please do hesitate to contact us on 0161 962 1855. Alternatively, you can email us using the form below and we will contact you as soon as possible.

Our fantastic team at A&C Chartered Accountants are here to help.